The invention aims at providing a power grid object access control device capable of realizing safety configuration and access of power grid model data. The device is characterized by including a layered division and security permission configuration module of the power grid model data and an access security control module; the layered division and security permission configuration module realizes layered division and security permission configuration of the power grid model data; and the access security control module realizes access security control of a power grid model. Through hierarchical organization of the power grid model according to region, sub regions, power stations and voltage levels, classification of other power grid objects such as devices, terminals and measurement devices and the like into corresponding hierarchies according to incidence relations, and combination of access permissions of system access users for the data and the hierarchical result, the device realizes access security control which is appropriate in granularity and enables security access of operation data of the whole power grid to be corresponding to a management system which is currently in effect.