The invention discloses a purple potato cultivation and planting method, and belongs to the technical field of purple potato cultivation. The method includes the following steps of (1) pre-processing of seed potatoes, (2) seed arrangement and seedling of seed potato tubers, (3) management of purple potato seedlings, (4) cottage and cultivation of the purple potato seedlings, (5) field growth management of purple potatoes and (6) harvest of the purple potatoes. If the purple potatoes are planted through the method, it can be guaranteed that the seed potatoes can sprout and emerge as soon as possible, sprout dead corners on the surfaces of the purple potatoes in conventional cultivation can be eliminated, and the germination rate is improved by about 11.3%; meanwhile, by means of the seed arrangement mode of longitudinal cutting of the seed potatoes, a large number of the seed potatoes are saved, cost is lowered, longitudinal sections of the seed potato tubers are downward and cultivated so that it can be guaranteed that germination and emergence time of the ends of the seed potatoes and germination and emergence time of the longitudinal sections are consistent, and the emergence rate of the purple potatoes is improved by 9.4%; extra power equipment is not needed for heating and heat preservation, operation process is simple in step, equipment investment is low, and the survival rate and survival quality of the purple potato seedlings are improved; compared with a traditional method, the acre yield is improved by about 7%, and benefits of farmers are obviously improved.