The invention discloses a non-blasting type test method of a pressure pipeline component. The method comprises the following steps: pressurizing and measuring a three-way pipe fitting and obtaining the strain values epsilon 1, epsilon 2 and epsilon 3 of strain gauges under different pressures; calculating to obtain the values of first main stress sigma 1, second main stress sigma 2, and sigma mises stress of all test points under different loading internal pressures; contrasting and comparing the values of first partial main stress sigma 1 and first theoretical main stress (in the Specification) of a tee and a bent pipe to judge the effectiveness of test data; selecting a relation between the loading internal pressure P and the sigma mises stress in the loading process of maximum stress analysis under the maximum loading internal pressure, forecasting the internal pressure Ppred according to linear fitting results when the yield occurs; deducing the maximum bearing internal pressure Ps according to the theory when the yield occurs under different pipeline forms; if Ppred is larger than Ps, the actual bearing press of the pipeline component is larger than the theoretically-predicted internal pressure, so that the strength requirements are met; otherwise, the test results do not meet the requirements.