The invention discloses a digital phase position checking device by using an identical clock source for calibrating sampling time. The digital phase position checking device by using the identical clock source for calibrating the sampling time comprises an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) hardware unit used for front-end signal acquisition, a PowerPC microprocessor used for back-end data processing, an SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory) and a FLASH, wherein the FPGA hardware unit is connected with the PowerPC microprocessor through a bus, and the SDRAM and the FLASH are connected with the bus. A synchronous pulse signal receiving interface, an A/D (analog/digital) sampling interface, two parallel FT3 data receiving interfaces and two parallel optical Ethernet data receiving interfaces are arranged at an input end of the FPGA hardware unit. The digital phase position checking device by using the identical clock source for calibrating the sampling time has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacture and high practicality, phase position checking error caused by crystal oscillator error from different clock sources in the prior art can be eliminated, response consistency is guaranteed, and urgent demands of intelligent substations and digital substations on high precision of electrical quantity phase position checking can be satisfied.