The invention discloses a method for calculating angle and distance of a near-field source in an impact noise environment, relates to the field of estimating parameters of the near-field signal source in the impact noise environment, and relates to a technique for processing a fractional lower-order moment of a near-field signal in a complex environment through a uniform circular array. After data is received through a circular receiving antenna array, a spatial character function is calculated for each data, two covariance matrixes are obtained by calculation, a direction of arrival of the signal source is calculated according to a phase angle of the first covariance matrix, and the distance from the signal source to a base station is calculated according to the phase angle of the second covariance matrix. Therefore, a target positioning process in the impact noise environment is high in speed, high in precision, low in calculation and low in cost.