The invention discloses a modular frame bearing energy storage device which comprises a box body, a heat preservation structure, a thermal storage device, a phase-change energy storage unit, an outlet pipe and an inlet pipe. The thermal storage device is arranged in the box body. The heat preservation structure is arranged between the exterior of the thermal storage device and the inner surface of the box body. The box body is a closed structure provided with a plurality of output interfaces and a plurality of input interfaces. The heat preservation structure can be detachably separated from the box body. One end of the inlet pipe and one end of the output pipe are in linkage with the thermal storage device through the box body and the heat preservation structure, and the other end of the inlet pipe and the other end of the outlet pipe are connected with an energy supply device and an energy consumption device respectively. The phase-change energy storage unit and the box body are connected and are inserted into the thermal storage device, the modular design is adopted, and the device is convenient to replace. The modular frame bearing energy storage device can be combined and applied. The phase-change energy storage unit is convenient to replace, simple in structure, convenient to operate, safe and reliable, and convenient to transport.