The invention discloses an electric measurement error distributed comparison system and a comparison and source analysis method. All comparison devices are synchronized in a clock mode. According to each comparison device, electric parameter data are sent by a synchronous collection module to an electric parameter calculating and comparison algorithm module to be calculated, and the calculated electric parameters are marked with time marks and transmitted to other comparison devices or a server through a communication module; according to each comparison device, the electric parameters which are provided with the time marks and transmitted by the other comparison devices are received through the communication module and compared with the electric parameters, marked with the time marks, of the corresponding comparison device, and the comparison result is analyzed and recorded; environmental parameters, monitored by environmental monitoring modules, of the current electric parameters are recorded, and the environmental parameters, the electric measurement calculation result, and the electric parameter comparison result are stored at the same time. The system and the method can compare electric measurement errors and meanwhile analyze the influence on the errors by comparison error relations and the environment under different environments, so that errors existing in a measuring system are judged, and the measuring accuracy of electric measurement is determined.