The invention discloses a reading method of a non-digitalization transmission instrument in a nuclear radiation environment. The reading method comprises the following steps: S1: transmitting an image acquisition instruction of the non-digitalization transmission instrument in the field of the nuclear radiation environment according to an instruction; S2: receiving the image acquisition instruction, and performing the image acquisition on the non-digitalization transmission instrument to obtain a display image of the non-digitalization transmission instrument; and S3: comparing the display image with background information in an instrument background information database to obtain reading information of the non-digitalization transmission instrument. By adopting the reading method and the reading system of the non-digitalization transmission instrument in the nuclear radiation environment, the non-digitalization transmission instrument in the nuclear radiation field can be remotely and intelligently read, the personnel does not need to go the field, and the radiation risk can be avoided.