An operation management system obviates such a situation that a power substation would trip and a supply of power to overhead wires would stop. The operation management system controls operation of electric drive vehicles, each of which is provided with a trolley mode, in which the electric drive vehicle runs by power supplied to the overhead wires, and a diesel mode, in which the electric drive vehicle runs by an output from an engine. A supply margin detection unit detects a current supply margin of power and a running position detecting unit detects a current running position of the electric drive vehicle. A running mode detection unit detects a current running mode of the electric drive vehicle and a running mode determination unit determines a next running mode based on the detection results of the supply margin detection unit, running position detecting unit, and running mode detection unit.