The invention discloses a method of utilizing an electrolytic manganese residue to improve red mud land. The method comprises the following steps: mainly utilizing the electrolytic manganese residue to treat red mud, neutralizing the alkali of the red mud with the acidity of the electrolytic manganese residue, treating the waste with processes of the waste against one another, regulating the pH value of the two wastes to a normal range suitable for plant growth at a low cost, adding expanded perlite with strong properties of absorption and adsorption, so as to increase the loose permeability and the moisture retention of the red mud land and increasing the draught resistant ability; adding an organic matter, a soil loosening agent, a microbial preparation, a nitrogen phosphorous and potassium element fertilizer, other element fertilizer and a micro additive, so as to purposefully regulate the plant to normally and generally grow on the red mud land. The method is adopted mainly to regulate proportion of various soil conditioners to process the growth state of various plants on the red mud land, so as to achieve the purpose that various plants can normally and generally grow on the red mud land.