Provided are a collector capable of imparting an excellent shutdown function, an electrode structure, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery, and a power storage component. The present invention is a collector having a resin layer on at least one surface of a conductive substrate, wherein: the resin layer is obtained by dispersing thermoplastic-resin particles not substantially containing a conductive agent therein into a heat-hardening resin base material containing a conductive agent, and the mass ratio of (the thermoplastic resin particles)/(the conductive agent) is 0.3-1.5; and the value of (the average thickness of the conductive agent)/(the average thickness of the thermoplastic resin particles) is 0.3-4.0.