The invention relates to a track vertical vibration energy recovery device installed between a sleeper and a track bed of a track. The track vertical vibration energy recovery device is characterized in that the recovery device comprises a vertical vibration energy harvesting module, a synchronous extraction interface circuit and a super-capacitor energy storage module which are all connected in sequence, and the vertical vibration energy harvesting module is arranged between the sleeper and the track bed; the track vertical vibration mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by the vertical vibration energy harvesting module, the electric energy output from the vertical vibration energy harvesting module is converted by the synchronous extraction interface circuit, and the converted electric energy is stored in the super-capacitor energy storage module. Compared with the prior art, the track vertical vibration energy recovery device has the advantages of being simple in structure, high in reliability, capable of saving energy, environmentally friendly and the like.