The invention relates to a process for producing a nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate surfactant. The process comprises the steps: enabling mixed gas of sulfur trioxide and air and p-nonylphenol polyoxyethylene to enter a reaction tube in a sulfonator in a parallel-flow manner for sulfation reaction, so as to obtain a sulfated product, wherein the mass mole ratio of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether to sulfur trioxide is 1: (1.03-1.06), the gaseous volumetric concentration of sulfur trioxide is 3-4%, the temperature of the sulfonator is 35-45 DEG C, and the concentration of an active substance in the sulfated product is not lower than 95%; neutralizing with a neutralizer, namely one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide solution or ammonia water, and controlling the pH to 9-10 and the neutralizing temperature to 30-45 DEG C, thereby obtaining nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate. The process has the advantage that large-scale industrialization can be achieved.