The invention provides a cultivation method of a Chinese cabbage on a balcony for realizing multiple harvesting after one-time sowing, and aims to solve the problems of labor consuming, time consuming and long interval time between every two cuts existing in the prior art. Balcony cultivation containers are adopted; when the daily mean temperature reaches over 25 DEG C, a cultivation substrate with moderate viscosity, sufficient nutrient and thickness of being over 5 cm is selected and used, layered sowing is performed according to multiple times of the conventional using amount of vegetables, and the conventional management is performed; the cabbages are harvested when fewer side roots of the plants exist; the larger plants are pulled out during harvesting, and smaller plants are remained to grow continuously. The seed germination time can be staggered by using the layered sowing, the growth period and the harvesting and eating cycles of the groups are prolonged, and the interval time for harvesting of every two cuts can also be greatly shortened. The ultrahigh-density sowing can realize one-time sowing and multiple harvesting, can obtain higher yield of a unit area and can save the space of the balcony.