The invention discloses a method for reducing the TSNA (tobacco-specific nitrosamines) content and the nitrate content of a reconstituted tobacco concentrated solution according to an electrodialysis method. The method comprises three times of electrodialysis treatment procedures: for the first time, electrodialysis desalination treatment is carried out to remove nitrate radical in the reconstituted tobacco concentrated solution, wherein the acid consumption used for adjusting a feed liquid to be acidic is reduced at the same time; for the second time, electrodialysis desalination treatment is carried out under a strong acid condition to remove TSNA in the papermaking reconstituted tobacco concentrated solution; for the third time, electrodialysis desalination treatment is carried out to recycle nicotine, wherein by-products generated in the step can be used for preparing fertilizer. The method has the advantages that the characteristics of reconstituted tobacco concentrated solution and electrodialysis are utilized comprehensively; TSNA and the precursor-nitrate of TSNA are effectively removed, while great loss of nicotine caused by the conventional electrodialysis treatment is avoided; the by-products are utilized effectively; the effects in the aspects of efficiency improvement, energy conservation, pollution reduction and the like are obvious; the method is suitable for industrialized mass production.