The invention provides a multi-direction wideband energy harvesting device based on vibration friction. The multi-direction wideband energy harvesting device comprises quality blocks, springs, fixed baffles, upper electrodes, a friction substrate, lower electrodes and a base. One faces of the quality blocks are connected with one ends of the springs. The other ends of the springs are connected with the fixed baffles to form quality-block-spring-fixed-baffle structures, and the springs are horizontally arranged and fixed to the periphery of the base. The upper electrodes are arranged on the lower surfaces of the quality blocks. The upper surface of the friction substrate makes contact with the upper electrodes. The lower electrodes are arranged on the lower surface of the friction substrate and fixed to the upper surface of the base. The upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are led out through wires and connected with a processing circuit. When the device bears outside excitation from different directions, the springs drive the quality blocks to vibrate, the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through changes of relative contact areas of the upper electrodes on the quality blocks and the friction substrate, and the electric energy is output through the processing circuit through the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes to be supplied to a power consumption device. Meanwhile, the inherent frequency of the spring-quality-block structures can be set, and wideband energy harvesting is achieved.