The invention discloses an engagement and disengagement rotary type short circuit grounding device convenient to operate and short in stroke. The device comprises a wire end cable clamp and a holding rod, the wire end cable clamp comprises a pair of clamping boards which are rotationally connected through a rotary shaft, arc occlusions are arranged on the upper portions of the clamping boards, and the tail portion of the wire end cable clamp is provided with a pair module. The pair module is provided with a movable nut movably connected with the pair module, and the movable nut can transversely rotate and slide in the pair module. A telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected with the movable nut and connected with the holding rod. The holding rod is provided with an operation mechanism capable of operating the telescopic mechanism to stretch and retract. The engagement and disengagement rotary type short circuit grounding device convenient to operate and short in stroke has the advantages that safety performance is high, the wire end cable clamp is manually controlled to clamp or release wires, and therefore the situation that the wire end cable clamp automatically falls off is avoided.