The invention provides a tube drawing machine and a seamless tube rolling method, which are used for rolling a tubular billet into a pierced billet. The tube drawing machine comprises a lathe bed (5), a plurality of roller dies, a necking machine (4), a receiving front table (3), a tube drawing rear table (6), a gear and rack drive system (7) and a core rod, wherein the lathe bed (5) is arranged on a rolling line; the roller dies are arranged in the lathe bed (5) in parallel; the necking machine (4) is located at the inlet of the lathe bed (5); the receiving front table (3) is located at the upstream part of the necking machine (4), and is used for bearing a to-be-rolled tubular billet; the tube drawing rear table (6) is located at the outlet of the lathe bed, and the core rod and the tubular billet are supported by the tube drawing rear table (6); the gear and rack drive system (7) is located at the downstream part of the tube drawing rear table (6); the core rod is connected with the gear and rack drive system (7), and moreover, the core rod can do reciprocating linear motion among the receiving front table (3), the necking machine (4) and the lathe bed (5), the roller dies (30) and the tube drawing rear table (6). The tube drawing machine is adopted by the seamless tube rolling method; the tube drawing machine provided by the invention has a smaller lathe bed coefficient and has no compression bar stability problem.