The invention discloses a transport rolling device for an assembly line. The transport rolling device comprises a rolling frame and a conveying plate, wherein the rolling frame comprises side arms, a driving wheel and a positioning box; the side arms comprise a first side arm and a second side arm; both the first side arm and the second side arm are of T-shaped structures; the driving wheel is arranged between the lower inner side faces of the first side arm and the second side arm; the positioning box is arranged between the upper inner side faces of the first side arm and the second side arm.