The invention provides a centralized monitoring system and a centralized monitoring method based on a data center. According to the system and the method disclosed by the invention, the data center is taken as an interface for data to flow in all steps, and thus seamless joint of all processing steps on data processing is realized; data acquisition time is preset according to generation time of system service data in bottom layer data acquisition; a data acquisition program is used for rapidly acquiring service operation data, including system state data, database and storage copy state, desk safety monitoring data, service processing data and the like; the data is stored in the data center in the form of a preset data structure; during data processing, the data can be screened, summated and compared according to a preset processing frequency by triggering a timed task according to a monitoring index frequency so as to generate fault alarming information; exhibition data such as fault alarming information, curve graph data and signal quantity data generated during an application exhibition use data processing process are exhibited to users in the forms of diagrams, sound, light and the like.