The invention relates to a mouldproof and mothproof treatment method for wood. The mouldproof and mothproof treatment method comprises the following steps: (1) processing wood at 85-90 DE C for 3 hours under the condition that the relative humidity is 48%-50%; (2) fumigating the wood with a 35% acetate solution at 1-1.5MPa and 105 DEG C for 30-45 minutes; (3) preparing a treating fluid; (4) soaking the wood treated in the step (2) with the treating fluid at 35 DEG C for 2 hours; (5) treating the wood surface treated in the step (4) with quick lime; and (6) treating the wood processed in the step (5) at 78 DEG C for 3 hours under the condition that the relative humidity is 25%-38%. The mouldproof and mothproof treatment method for the wood provided by the invention is simple; heavy metal is not used in the treatment process; no components which pollute a human body or the environment are generated after treatment; pollution is avoided; meanwhile, the treatment time is shortened to a few hours; and the treatment efficiency is greatly improved.