The invention belongs to the technical field of information, relates to the technologies such as the fuzzy classification technology and the optimization methods and provides an oxygen and nitrogen energy optimized scheduling method used for metallurgical enterprises and based on mathematical programming. The oxygen and nitrogen energy optimized scheduling method used for the metallurgical enterprises and based on mathematical programming comprises the steps that firstly, true industrial production data are adopted, and pretreatment, such as filtering and denoising, is conducted on the true industrial production data, and adjustable equipment and the corresponding adjustment capacity of the equipment are made clear through fuzzy classification; then, integrated planning of an oxygen and nitrogen energy system is achieved according to the mathematical programming method with the characteristics of the equipment and the actual characteristics of a pipe network comprehensively considered, and an optimized scheduling model is established; finally, an optimized scheduling scheme containing the adjustable equipment and the corresponding adjustment amount is provided, and a diffusion rate change simulation result is also provided so that field operators can be assisted in making specific adjustment measures.