The embodiment of the invention provides a short-circuit current limiting measure optimizing method and system. The method includes the steps that the network analysis and cost of various current limiting measures are determined; a nonlinear and unconstrained short circuit current limiting measure optimizing configuration model is set up according to the network analysis and cost of the various current limiting measures; an improved mode search method is used for solving the short circuit current limiting measure optimizing configuration model, and the optimal solution set enabling the sequence generated through iteration to be converged is obtained. In the computing process of the improved model search method, the step size is set again after iteration is conducted by the number, and the global optimization capability of the algorithm is improved.