The invention discloses a treatment method for recycling shale gas fracturing backflow fluid. The treatment method for recycling shale gas fracturing backflow fluid comprises the steps of S1, adding denitrifying bacteria NRB (Nitrate Reducing Bacteria) before storing backflow liquid; S2, detecting ion contents in the field backflow liquid before preparing quick water, and controlling the ion contents to reach standards that K<+> is not greater than 1500mg/L, Ca<2+> is not greater than 600mg/L, Na<+> is not greater than 2000mg/L, Mg<2+> is not greater than 1000mg/L, NH<4+> is not greater than 600mg/L, the total Fe is not greater than 25mg/L, Cl<-> is not greater than 3000mg/L, Al<3+> is not greater than 30mg/L, SO4<2-> is not greater than 200mg/L, and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is not greater than 300mg/L; S2, performing comparison test before pouring the backup backflow liquid meeting the standards into ground for fracturing construction; evaluating the motion viscosity of the quick water. The treatment method for recycling the shale gas fracturing backflow fluid is particularly suitable for treating the stratum backflow liquid which is recovered and stored for more than 10 days; with the adoption of the method, various mechanical impurities, ions, bacteria and the like which influence the recycling of the backflow liquid can be removed, the treated backflow liquid can meet the recycling requirement with the performances, and the water resource consumption in shale gas development can be greatly decreased, thus the cost can be decreased, and the environment can be protected, and as a result, the win-win purpose is achieved.