The invention discloses an elevator safety system. The elevator safety system comprises an inflatable lifesaving device, a two-dimensional forked retractable speed reducing device, an in-car emergency response device, an outer-car emergency response device, an inflatable buffer device, a foot step type inflation electrical storage device, a foot step contact type limiting switch and an emergency start device. The emergency start device is provided with at least two gears including an upper gear and a middle gear; when the car descends normally, the emergency start device is at the middle gear, and a power supply of each device in linkage with the emergency start device is not in operation; when the car suddenly falls at a limit speed, the emergency start device is at the upper gear, and the power supply of each device in linkage with the emergency start device starts operating. When an elevator falls down, the elevator safety system is capable of reducing elevator falling speed and buffering impulsive force of a car falling to a well pit to enable the car to stably stop at the well pit, so that life safety of passengers in the elevator is effectively protected.