The invention discloses a railway ticket quota allocating method and device. The railway ticket quota allocating method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: counting passenger flow distribution rules of stations by which a first passenger train passes; according to the passenger flow distribution rules of the stations by which the first passenger train passes, predicting a passenger flow distribution rule of the first passenger train; according to the passenger flow distribution rule of the first passenger train, allocating ticket quotas for middle stations by which the first passenger train passes in advance. The railway ticket quota allocating method has the technical effects as follows: by counting passenger flow distribution rules of actual passengers and allocating the ticket quotas for the middle stations in advance according to the passenger flow distribution rules of the actual passengers, the technical problem that in the existing railway ticket quota allocating method, the whole-journey ticket quota is excessive, but passengers in the middle stations cannot buy tickets can be solved, and waste of the ticket quotas is reduced.