The invention belongs to the technical field of fracturing fluid recovery in the oil-field development process and particularly relates to an oil well fracturing flowback fluid recovering and desanding device. The oil well fracturing flowback fluid recovering and desanding device comprises a fluid storage tank, a buffer tank and a vibrating screen. The fluid storage tank is open. The buffer tank and the vibrating screen are both arranged on the top of the fluid storage tank. One side of the buffer tank is provided with a flowback fluid inlet. The buffer tank is communicated with the vibrating screen through a communicating pipeline. By the adoption of the oil well fracturing flowback fluid recovering and desanding device, flowback fluid can meet the performance requirement for reutilization after being treated and be applied to operation of a next well, so the harmless treatment cost of waste is lowered, t the flowback fluid polllutes the environment is reduced, construction materials are saved, and energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved. The oil well fracturing flowback fluid recovering and desanding device has the advantages that the settling time is short, continuous treatment of the flowback fluid can be achieved, and the occupied area of a settling pond is small, and is a oil well fracturing flowback fluid efficient recovering, separating, metering and storing device.