The invention relates to the field of risk assessment and discloses an oil transportation station underground process pipeline corrosion leakage risk assessment method and device for solving the technical problem that the oil transportation station underground process pipeline corrosion leakage risk cannot be assessed effectively in the prior art. The method includes the steps of determining a first assessment value of an oil transportation station underground process pipeline, wherein the first assessment value indicates the occurrence possibility of corrosion leakage accidents of the oil transportation station underground process pipeline; determining a second assessment value of the oil transportation station underground process pipeline, wherein the second assessment value indicates the harmful consequences of the occurrence of the corrosion leakage accidents of the oil transportation station underground process pipeline; determining a risk correction factor of the occurred corrosion leakage accidents of the oil transportation station underground process pipeline; determining an integrated risk value of the corrosion leakage of the oil transportation station underground process pipeline. The oil transportation station underground process pipeline corrosion leakage risk assessment method and device achieves the technical effect of accurate risk assessment of the corrosion leakage of the oil transportation station underground process pipeline.