The invention discloses a horizontal well multi-cluster fracturing method and a multi-cluster perforating and fracturing pipe column for implementing the method. In a sand blasting and perforating phase, each perforating section in the same fracturing section is subjected to sand blasting and perforating according to the sequence from top to bottom; after the last time of sand blasting and perforating is finished, sand-carrying liquid in the multi-cluster perforating and fracturing pipe column is substituted to the position above a building up section of a shaft through fracturing base liquid but is not substituted from the shaft, so that when prepad fluid is filled into an annular space between the shaft and the multi-cluster perforating and fracturing pipe column, perforating sand in the sand-carrying liquid blocks a crack opened in the front perforating section to certain degree, and a crack is conveniently opened in a rear perforating section. The opening degrees of the cracks of cluster perforating sections in the same section are consistent, and the reliability and the construction efficiency of section-to-section multi-cluster fracturing are improved.