The invention discloses an insulating material pressure-resistant performance test cup and a use method. After an insulating base grounding electrode is tightened, transformer oil in the test cup will not seep out; in the pressure resisting process, the test cup will not be damaged; if a sample is broken down, the test cup can be used repeatedly just by replacing a sealing rubber ring at the bottom of the test cup; only different sample pieces need to be replaced in each test, and all kinds of different flaky insulating materials can be subjected to power-frequency pressure-resisting tests. According to the test cup, the requirement for the sample area is not high, the sample area is determined, smooth development of the tests can be guaranteed without making the sample area large enough, and a guarantee is provided for the power-frequency pressure-resisting tests of plate-like insulating materials and the flaky insulating materials with a limited area; the test cup is small in size, the structure and shape of a container containing surrounding media are specified, test devices are normalized, and operation is facilitated.