The invention relates to an aerodynamic optimum design method of an airfoil profile of a vertical axis wind turbine. The method is characterized by including: determining aerodynamic optimum design content of the airfoil profile and integrating and controlling an experiment design module, an approximate model module and an optimum design module through an Isight platform so as to realize automatic operation of the whole optimum design process, wherein the experiment design module provides sample data and a response value set to the approximate model module, and the calculated amount of the optimum design model is lowered by synergistic effect of the experiment design module and the approximate model module. By the method, the problems of large calculated amount of the traditional optimization algorithm and difficulty in seeking the global optimal solution are solved, utilization rate of wind energy of the whole wind rotor is maximized to the optimization objective, and the problem that the instantaneous attack angle of blades continuous changing with large change amplitude is difficult to optimize is solved.