The invention discloses a method for predicting the total energy consumption on the basis of a fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient. According to the method, the research limitation caused by fluctuations and incomparability of traditional energy consumption elasticity coefficients is overcome, the fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient is adopted, the relation between the fixed base energy elasticity coefficient and an industrial structure is considered, a prediction model for the fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient is built, and then the total energy consumption in the future years can be predicted. The method comprises the steps of obtaining GDP, CPI and total energy consumption data of historical years, defining the fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient, and calculating the fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient value and the tertiary industrial added value proportion of the historical years; building the prediction model of the fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient; calculating the total energy consumption of a predictive period. According to the method, the fixed base energy consumption elasticity coefficient is predicted, then the total energy consumption in the future years is predicted, medium and long energy planning is facilitated, and the energy-saving policy is reasonably formulated.