The invention discloses a collection and recognition device for a note image. The collection and recognition device comprises a fixing base (10), a fixing frame (11) and a flattening device (30), wherein the fixing base is mounted on the fixing frame (11), and the flattening device is mounted on the fixing base (10). The collection and recognition device is simple and ingenious in whole structure and is easy and convenient to operate; wherein a flattening movement bracket in the flattening device is driven by an X-axis moving device, so that an unfolding and guiding device moves in the direction of an inclined guide rail, and a note can be flattened from the middle to two sides; the simultaneous movements in an X-direction and a Y-direction are realized by moving devices in the same direction, so that a driving device is omitted, and the cost of the whole structural device is reduced; the situation that the note is flattened, the note is scanned, and note information is read at the same time is realized by an image collecting device and a magnetic stripe collecting device, and the note does not need to be separately scanned, so that the operational efficiency of an operator is improved.