The invention discloses a residual current protection simulation practical training cabinet. Cabinet bodies are of a three-layer structure from top to bottom. An instrument panel is arranged on the front face of the first layer cabinet body, a first-level residual current action protection module, a second-level residual current action protection module, a third-level residual current action protection module and a variable load module are arranged on the second layer, a dyadic capacitance motor module connected with a power trunk line is arranged on the third layer, and the second layer and the third layer are interchangeable in position. By means of the residual current protection simulation practical training cabinet, the operation pattern of a whole power transmission zone area is simulated, multiple residual current protection points of the trunk line, branch lines and the like are covered, and a scene of residual current protection fault in the operation of a low-voltage grid can be achieved.