The invention discloses a lithium battery positive pole composite material and a preparation method thereof. The positive pole composite material refers to a tellurium sulfide/carbon composite material, wherein in the composite material, the content of tellurium sulfide is high and controllable, carbon and tellurium sulfide particles are very tightly combined, and according to the structural characteristics, the positive pole material is used for a lithium battery, the solution loss of an active material can be reduced, and a shuttle effect is inhibited, so that the lithium battery has high specific discharge capacity and good cycle performance. In addition, the lithium battery positive pole composite material disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, low in cost, short in period, low in energy consumption, high in repeatability and easy for large-scale production. Moreover, the content of the tellurium sulfide in the composite material is high and controllable, and according to the particularity of the preparation method, the impurity content in the obtained positive pole composite material is low.