To provide a means for additionally increasing corrosion resistance in comparison to conventional zirconium-based chemical conversion coating films and bismuth-based chemical conversion coating films. A metal surface treatment liquid that is used for the purpose of forming a composite coating film, which contains Bi element and a group 4 element, on a metal base. This metal surface treatment liquid is characterized by being a fluorine-free aqueous treatment liquid, into which (A) a Bi element source, (B) a multimer of at least one group 4 element that is selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti and Hf and (C) one or more aminopolycarboxylic acids or a salt thereof are added.