The invention provides a vibration box. A vibration shaft structure is arranged in a vibration box body, and when the vibration box is used for a long time or due to vibration, position shifting happens to the vibration center of the vibration shaft and the center of a bearing grinding structure, the position of the vibration box body is adjusted by controlling relative sliding of a dovetail sliding groove and a dovetail sliding block; after the vibration box is adjusted to the accurate working position, the relative position between a fixed sliding plate and the vibration box body is fixed by a limiting screw, so that normal work of the vibration box is ensured. Through the structural design of the split type vibration box with the dovetail sliding groove and the dovetail sliding block connected, the working position of the vibration box is easily adjusted, and the grinding work is easily and stably carried out. The invention further provides a bearing grinding machine tool.