The invention relates to the field of floating transport construction of a submarine immersed tube tunnel, and provides a vertical temporary passage for entering and exiting an immersed tube and a construction method of the vertical temporary passage. The vertical temporary passage has the advantages that the temporary passage is arranged under a manhole well, and the passing at the exterior and in a tube joint can be realized by the temporary passage in a tube joint sinking installation process of the immersed tube, so as to facilitate the subsequent construction; the temporary passage is stable and durable; the construction and detachment are simple, convenient and rapid, and repeated detachment and installation for multiple times are realized; after the temporary passage is detached, since the size is small, the transportation and storage are convenient.