The invention provides a method and a device for extracting CTCS (China Train Control System)-3 train control in-train real-time information. The device comprises an actual operation monitoring unit, a train state receiving unit, a geological data analyzing unit, a train path-entering unit, a natural environment data collecting unit, a train information crawling unit, a search strategy unit and a risk decision unit. The method and the device, provided by the invention, are used for ensuring the safety of a front train and a rear train during high-speed tracking running, the safety information of the trains can be continuously, instantly and accurately extracted, and the safety control requirement of the high-speed trains during running can be met.