Provided is a method for improving single-wall carbon nanotube dispersion, comprising the following steps: (1) using ultrasonic waves to disperse single-wall carbon nanotube powder in a lipid solvent, and allowing to stand for 2-3 days for swelling and centrifuging; (2) successively washing by centrifugation with low-boiling point alcohol solvent and water, then drying; (3) adding the dried single-wall carbon nanotubes to a strongly oxidative acid solution for oxidation, and centrifuging; (4) washing by centrifugation with water to a centrate of pH7, then dissolving the single-wall carbon nanotubes in water or alcohol solvent. Upon processing by the described method, recovery of single-wall carbon nanotubes is around 80% or higher, and the single-wall carbon nanotube solution is highly concentrated; the absorbance value of the carbon nanotube dispersion can be reduced to approximately 1600, and the invention can be used for preparation of flexible transparent electrode materials.