The invention discloses a combination structure for reducing anchor cable and anchor rod prestress losses. The combination structure for reducing the anchor cable prestress loss comprises a prestress anchor cable, a constrained spring moving structure, a spring, an end head fastening device and a box iron, wherein a part of the prestress anchor cable extends into an anchor cable hole preset in the rock-soil body, the other part of the prestress anchor cable is exposed out of the rock-soil body, the exposed part of the prestress anchor cable is sleeved with the spring, the box iron is arranged at the outer side of the spring in a supporting mode, one end of the spring and one end of the box iron are closely attached to the rock-soil body, the other end of the spring is higher than the other end of the box iron, and the other end of the spring is limitedly fixed through the constrained spring moving structure arranged on the box iron; the anchor cable hole is full of grout, after the grout is solidified, the end head fastening device is installed on the top end of the exposed part of the prestress anchor cable for fastening, and prestress is exerted by the end head fastening device through the other end of the spring. The combination structure for reducing the anchor cable prestress loss has the advantages of being simple in manufacturing, low in cost, simple and convenient to install and capable of effectively reducing even eliminating the anchor cable prestress loss.