Disclosed herein is a battery cell case. The battery cell case includes a front case plate and a rear case plate which are separably coupled to each other. The structures of the front and rear case plates are symmetrical structures, so that the battery cell case can be easily assembled in such a way that the front and rear case plates are coupled to each other with the battery cell disposed therebetween and are fastened to each other by holders fitted over the opposite ends of the case plates. In another embodiment, the structures of the front and rear case plates may be asymmetrical structures so that the front and rear case plates can be coupled with each other in an insert coupling manner without using a separate tool or fastening means.