The invention relates to a method of estimating adaptability of a heterologous radar image based on a learning monitoring strategy. The method comprises the following steps: (1) dividing an image of a known matching result into two parts, which are respectively named as a training set I and a training set II; (2) training a middle level characteristic classifier by using the training set I; (3) using the training set II to train an image adaptability estimation model by using the training set II; (4) obtaining a to-be-estimated prediction set, and obtaining a matching result of an existing image of the prediction set according to the middle level characteristic classifier and the adaptability estimation model. Compared with the prior art, according to the method provided by the invention, the middle level characteristics can be adopted to describe the image characteristics, and the recognition on common features among the heterologous radar images by a user can be added into a training process of the classifier, so as to effectively distinguish the common features among the heterologous radar images, and solve the problem of estimating the adaptability among the heterologous radar image.