The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted short-distance communication network based DSDV routing optimization method. Heartbeat information including vehicle positions, running direction and the like is sent among nodes in a timed mode to update and maintain environment information queues including surrounding node relevant information. The vehicle-mounted short-distance communication network based DSDV routing optimization method comprises the steps that a vehicle-mounted node nearby a first road-side node broadcast a node routing table in the running direction of a vehicle, the vehicle-mounted node in the direction receives the routing table according to the heartbeat information, then updates the node routing table according to the received routing table and broadcasts the part of updated routing table in the running direction of the vehicle; after the vehicle-mounted node nearby a second road-side node receives the broadcasted routing table, the node routing table is updated according to the received routing table and then the whole routing table is sent to the second road-side node. The vehicle-mounted short-distance communication network based DSDV routing optimization method fully utilizes the characteristics of a V2X network and enables a DSDV protocol to be adapt to the quickly-changing V2X network.