The invention discloses a water-based nail polish based on waterborne polyurethane dispersoid. The water-based nail polish is characterized in that the waterborne polyurethane dispersoid is used as a main component; a brightening agent, a hardening agent, a thickening agent, an adhesion promoter and the like are used in a matched mode; a coalescing agent is not needed; fingernails cannot be injured; the water-based nail polish is quite soft to the human body; and the green, environment-friendly, non-toxic and tasteless performance is truly embodied. The water-based nail polish has the performance of being good in adhesive force, high in hardness, short in surface drying time, excellent in gloss, full, soft in hand feeling and the like. Meanwhile, the specially-selected thickening agent enables a formula product to have the quite excellent stability, and sedimentation of pearl powder, color paste and the like is effectively avoided.