The invention discloses a posture adjusting device and a cleaning device of rolling brush type cleaning equipment. The equipment comprises the posture adjusting device (1) and the cleaning device (2). The posture adjusting device comprises a first-level swing mechanism (12), a second-level swing mechanism (17) and a third-level swing mechanism (19); a parallelogram four-connecting-rod derricking mechanism composed of a main connecting rod base (13), two connecting rods (14) and an auxiliary connecting rod base (16). The cleaning device comprises a rolling brush support (21), a rolling brush (22), a rolling brush driving mechanism (23), a water blocking cover (24) and a water spraying pipe (25). The bottom end of the rolling brush support is fixedly connected to the third-level swing mechanism. The posture adjusting device and the cleaning device of the rolling brush type cleaning equipment achieves adjustment with multi-degree of freedom by controlling the swing mechanisms and the parallelogram four-connecting-rod derricking mechanism. Convenience is made for storage and adjustment with multi-degree of freedom in a small space is achieved. Rolling brush work under the different working conditions can be realized, and the equipment is easy to operate and facilitating working.