The invention relates to a nanofluid phase-change heat exchange type grinding device with an online grinding temperature measuring function. The nanofluid phase-change heat exchange type grinding device with the online grinding temperature measuring function is characterized by comprising a shell, a grinding device body, a power device, a transmission device, a control module, a temperature measuring module and a speed and torque measuring module, wherein the grinding device body is installed at the front end of the shell, the power device, the transmission device, the control module, the temperature measuring module and the speed and torque measuring module are installed in the shell, the grinding device body is connected with the power device through the transmission device, the temperature measuring module is connected with the grinding device body and the control module, the speed and torque measuring module is arranged on one side of the transmission device, and the speed and torque measuring module and the power device are both connected with the control module. A grinding head is a nanofluid phase-change heat exchange type grinding head, through continuous evaporation, condensation and backflow of nanofluid, heat generated in a grinding area is dissipated, temperature is lowered, and secondary harm to a patient is reduced.