The invention relates to a cable sheath material for an environmentally friendly halogen-free electric vehicle conductive charging system and a preparation method thereof. The cable sheath material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 80 parts of elastomer composition, 10 to 25 parts of nitrile rubber powder, 5 to 10 parts of pre-crosslinked parent material, 120 to 180 parts of a fire retardant, and 1.5 to 6 parts of a crosslinking sensitizer, wherein the elastomer composition comprises polyurethane elastomer and polyolefin elastomer; the raw material formula of the pre-crosslinked parent material comprises the following constituents in mass percent: 94 to 98 percent of linear low density polyethylene, 1 to 5 percent of a cross-linking agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of a first antioxidant. The linear low density polyethylene, the cross-linking agent and the first antioxidant are adopted to form the pre-crosslinked parent material, so that the cable sheath material has good heat resistance and crosslinking degree, the physical and mechanical properties and the oil resistance of products are improved; the adopted raw materials are all environmentally friendly and halogen-free, the cable sheath material does not contain constituents, such as PVC and the like, which release poisonous gas when the temperature is high, and is environmentally friendly.