The invention discloses a structure and method for improving connection performance between a concrete spray layer and arch frames. The structure comprises the multiple arch frames. Net shell structures formed by steel wires are arranged on the sides, away from surrounding rock, of the arch frames in the circumferential direction of the arch frames, and the cross-section shape of the net shell structures is the same as that of the arch frames. The concrete spray layer is arranged on the net shell structures. The distance between the arch frames is 5-10 times that between grids of the net shell structures. With the steel wires serving as radial ribs, the deformation resistance of the arch frame spray layer is greatly improved, the deformation resistance is high, the local deformation and breakage characteristics of the arch frame spray layer are remarkably improved, the spray layer is prevented from shedding, and the arch frames are prevented from being repeatedly damaged under uneven superposed pressure. The structure is reasonable in design and high in bearing capacity and integrality, and makes spray layer construction more convenient due to certain supporting capacity.