The invention discloses a system and a method applicable to measuring power conditions in an intelligent cold furnace of a large-sized boiler. The system comprises a burning tangential circle measurement device, a near-wall wind measurement device, an image acquisition system, a data acquisition and processing system and a mobile platform system, wherein the data acquisition and processing system receives all analog signals and digital signals which are acquired by the burning near-wall wind measurement device and the burning tangential circle measurement device, then the signals are sent to a data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument processes signals transmitted by a data acquisition board and then sends the signals to a computer to carry out data processing, and the data acquisition instrument further gives out an instruction to control the mobile platform system to operate. The system disclosed by the invention can show air power conditions in the furnace qualitatively and quantitatively in real time, the whole measurement process does not need any participation of testers after installation and debugging operations are completed, thereby avoiding measurement operations of the testers in a severe environment, reducing the work intensity, and improving the measurement accuracy.